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salud bucal y las enfermedades sistémicas

The connection between oral health and systemic diseases

Many times, we consider oral health as a separate aspect of overall well-being. However, the teeth, gums, and mouth are closely connected to general health. In fact, various studies have shown that untreated oral problems can contribute to the development or worsening of systemic diseases, while maintaining good oral hygiene can positively impact the entire body.

In this article, we’ll explore how oral health affects your overall well-being and what you can do to care for both your mouth and body.

What are systemic diseases?

Systemic diseases are conditions that affect multiple organs or systems in the body, such as the cardiovascular, respiratory, endocrine, and immune systems. Examples of these diseases include diabetes, heart disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and certain types of cancer.

The mouth is not an isolated system; it is a gateway to the body and a reflection of overall health. Bacteria, infections, or inflammation present in the oral cavity can spread and trigger problems in other parts of the body.

How is oral health connected to general health?

The connection between oral health and systemic diseases is primarily due to the bacteria present in the mouth. Without proper hygiene, these bacteria form dental plaque, which can lead to issues such as gingivitis and periodontitis. The bacteria and inflammation associated with these conditions can enter the bloodstream and affect other organs.

Key ways oral health influences the body:

  • Inflammation: Gum disease can cause chronic inflammation, a risk factor for many systemic conditions.
  • Infections: Bacteria in the mouth can travel to other parts of the body, causing infections in vital organs.
  • Weakened immune system: Untreated oral infections can overload the immune system, reducing its ability to fight other diseases.

Diseases related to oral health

Below, we examine some of the most common systemic diseases associated with oral health issues:

1. Cardiovascular diseases

Several studies have found that people with periodontal disease have a higher risk of developing cardiovascular problems such as heart attacks and strokes. This is because bacteria and inflammation from the gums can contribute to plaque buildup in the arteries (atherosclerosis) and inflammation in blood vessels.

2. Diabetes

The relationship between diabetes and periodontal disease is bidirectional. People with diabetes are more prone to gum disease due to their reduced ability to fight infections. On the other hand, periodontal disease can make it harder to control blood sugar levels, worsening diabetes.

3. Respiratory diseases

Bacteria from the mouth can be inhaled into the lungs, causing respiratory infections such as pneumonia. This is particularly concerning for older adults or those with weakened immune systems.

4. Pregnancy complications

Pregnant women with periodontal disease are at a higher risk of preterm labor and low birth weight babies. Inflammation and bacteria from gum disease can trigger immune responses that affect pregnancy.

5. Rheumatoid arthritis

Chronic gum inflammation has also been linked to rheumatoid arthritis, an autoimmune inflammatory disease affecting the joints. Inflammation and bacteria from periodontal disease may exacerbate arthritis symptoms.

6. Cancer

Some studies suggest that individuals with periodontal disease are at a higher risk of developing certain types of cancer, such as pancreatic and esophageal cancer. While the exact connection is not fully understood, chronic inflammation appears to play a significant role.

Warning signs of oral health issues you shouldn’t ignore

Some oral problems may signal that something is wrong with your body. Pay attention to the following symptoms:

  • Swollen, red, or bleeding gums.
  • Persistent bad breath (halitosis).
  • Loose or shifting teeth.
  • Gum pain or sensitivity.
  • Frequent mouth sores or ulcers.
  • Severe dry mouth.

If you experience any of these symptoms, it’s important to consult a dentist and, if necessary, seek additional medical checkups.

How to protect your oral and overall health

Taking care of your mouth not only protects your teeth and gums but also has a positive impact on your general well-being. Here are some practical tips for maintaining good oral health:

  • Brush your teeth properly
    Brush at least twice a day with fluoride toothpaste, ensuring you clean all tooth surfaces and along the gumline.
  • Use dental floss daily
    Flossing removes plaque and food debris between teeth where your toothbrush cannot reach.
  • Rinse with mouthwash
    Use an antiseptic mouthwash to reduce bacteria and prevent plaque formation.
  • Maintain a balanced diet
    Eat foods rich in vitamins and minerals to strengthen your teeth and gums. Avoid sugary foods and drinks that promote plaque buildup.
  • Avoid tobacco
    Smoking not only harms overall health but also increases the risk of gum disease and oral cancer.
  • Visit the dentist regularly
    Schedule dental checkups and professional cleanings every six months to prevent and detect issues early.
  • Manage chronic conditions
    If you have diabetes, hypertension, or another chronic disease, follow your treatment plan and keep the condition under control.

The link between oral health and systemic diseases highlights the importance of caring for your mouth as an integral part of overall well-being. Oral bacteria and infections can significantly impact the rest of your body, emphasizing the need for proper oral hygiene and regular dental visits.

Remember that a healthy mouth is a reflection of a healthy body. At our dental clinic in CDMX, we not only help you keep your smile in optimal condition, but we also offer specialized treatments such as dental orthopedics, ideal for correcting alignment and bite development issues from an early age. Additionally, if you experience tooth pain or infections, we have specialists in endodontics in CDMX, a key procedure to save affected teeth. Schedule your appointment and protect not just your smile, but your overall health.



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